Neck Disability Index
- Authors: Vernon H., S. Mior (1991)
- Administration: 10-item questionnaire.
- Constructs Measured: Designed to assess neck pain and disability. Scored using a percentage of the maximal pain and disability.
- Reliability and Validity: Index scores correlated well (0.6-0.7) with other indices of neck disability. The index appears to have a ceiling effect for patients who are very sick and reach maximal scores. Also, the index has some problems with missing data.
- Assessment in Minorities and Elderly: Elderly patients who do not drive will have missing data. Education and reading barriers may also result in missing data.
Copenhagen Neck Functional Disability Scale
- Authors: Jordan A., C. Manniche, C. Mosdal, C. Hindsberger (1998)
- Administration: 15-item questionnaire.
- Constructs Measured: Neck dysfunction for individuals with chronic neck pain..
- Reliability and Validity: Test-retest reliability was excellent. Validity was measured using compaisons of the scale score with self-reported pain and physician assessment. Correlation coefficients were high (>0.8).
- Assessment in Minorities and Elderly: None.
Northwick Park Neck Pain Questionnaire
- Authors: Leak A.M., J. Cooper, S. Dyer, K.A. Williams, L. Turner-Stokes, A.O. Frank (1994)
- Administration: Nine five-part questions.
- Constructs Measured: Neck disability in patients with long-term neck pain.
- Reliability and Validity: Three-day test-retest reliability was good. No validation studies reported.
- Assessment in Minorities and Elderly: Rheumatologic patients up to age 85 were tested. Driving questions may not pertain to elderly.
Neck Pain and Disability Scale
- Authors: Wheeler A.H., P. Goolkasian, A.C. Baird, B.V. Darden (1999)
- Administration: 20-item self-assessed questionnaire using a visual analogue scale..
- Constructs Measured: Four dimensions were identified: neck problems, pain intensity, emotional and cognitive effects of pain, and interference with life activities.
- Reliability and Validity: Reliabiltiy of the entire scale was excellent, but was not determinedseparately for each of the dimensions. No validity comparisons have been made.
- Assessment in Minorities and Elderly: None, although the initial group had an average age of 61.
Patient-Specific Functional Scale Self-Reports with Neck Dysfunction
- Authors: Westaway M.D., P.W. Stratford, J.M. Binkley (1998)
- Administration: Patients list activities which they are unable to do or have difficulty with performing. Activities are ranked according to a dysfunction level on a scale of 0 (unable to do) to 10 (no problems). Three sections: Pain-affected activities, functional limitations, Pain intensity.
- Constructs Measured: None, since patients self-define the items reported.
- Reliability and Validity: Total score are correlated with pain scores and the Neck Disability Index. Comparisons between patients is nearly impossible. 72-hour test-retest reliability is high. The scale is very responsive to changes for a patient with time.
- Assessment in Minorities and Elderly: None.
References
Jordan A., C. Manniche, C. Mosdal, C. Hindsberger (1998) The Copenhagen Neck Functional Disability Scale: a study of reliability and validity. Journal of Manipulative & Physiological Therapeutics 21(8):520-7.
Leak A.M., J. Cooper, S. Dyer, K.A. Williams, L. Turner-Stokes, A.O. Frank (1994) The Northwick Park Neck Pain Questionnaire, devised to measure neck pain and disability. British Journal of Rheumatology. 33(5):469-74.
Pietrobon R., R.R. Coeytaux, T.S. Carey, W.J. Richardson, R.F. DeVellis (2002) Standard scales for measurement of functional outcome for cervical pain or dysfunction: A systematic review. SPINE 27(5), 515-522.
Vernon H., S. Mior (1991) The Neck Disability Index: a study of reliability and validity. Journal of Manipulative & Physiological Therapeutics. 14(7):409-15.
Vernon H., S. Mior (1994) The Northwick Park Neck Pain Questionnaire, devised to measure neck pain and disability. British Journal of Rheumatology 33(12):1203-4.
Westaway M.D., P.W. Stratford, J.M. Binkley (1998) The patient-specific functional scale: validation of its use in persons with neck dysfunction. Journal of Orthopaedic & Sports Physical Therapy. 27(5):331-8.
Wheeler A.H., P. Goolkasian, A.C. Baird, B.V. Darden (1999) Development of the Neck Pain and Disability Scale. Item analysis, face, and criterion-related validity. SPINE 24(13):1290-4.
