A review of tinnitus symptoms beyond ‘ringing in the ears’: a call to action
From: Curr Med Res Opin. 2011 Jun 23. [Epub ahead of print]
About 10% of the population experiences tinnitus, a common and distressing symptom characterized by the perception of sound in the absence of external stimuli. There is, however, marked heterogeneity in etiology, perception, and extent of distress among those who experience tinnitus. Reactions to tinnitus vary from simple awareness to severe irritation; some people have difficulty in hearing because of the loudness of the noise. Severe tinnitus causes many, often psychological, symptoms (e.g., tension, frustration, impaired concentration, disrupted sleep). For some, tinnitus is temporary, for others it is longstanding. Although many people adjust successfully, others are disabled by tinnitus; approximately 5% experience persistent and severe symptoms affecting their lifestyle and significantly reducing their quality of life. Because tinnitus is poorly understood and no single therapeutic approach is effective for all patients, many patients are told that ”nothing can be done” and they must ”learn to live with it.”
Tinnitus, often referred to as ‘ringing in the ears’, is highly prevalent. However, patients may also present with a number of other symptoms.
To review the broad range of symptoms of tinnitus, to evaluate their impact on patient quality of life and to explore methods of diagnosis and assessment. An electronic literature search was performed in PubMed between September and December 2010.